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Learning Disorder

What is a Learning Disorder?

Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) refers to a group of biologically-based neurodevelopmental conditions where an individual with normal intellectual potential experiences significant difficulties in academic functioning. These challenges cannot be explained by poor educational opportunities, sensory deficits, or emotional disabilities.

SLDs fall into three primary categories:

  1. Impairment in Reading (Dyslexia): Difficulties with word recognition, decoding, and spelling.
  2. Impairment in Written Expression (Dysgraphia): Challenges with grammar, spelling, and organizing written content.
  3. Impairment in Mathematics (Dyscalculia): Problems with number sense, calculations, and mathematical reasoning.

Children or adults with SLDs often struggle with slow and effortful reading, poor comprehension, spelling difficulties, disorganized writing, or math-related challenges. These issues must significantly interfere with academic or occupational performance and be out of proportion with the individual’s cognitive ability and educational exposure.

What is the Difference Between a Specific Learning Disorder and a Specific Learning Disability?

Both terms refer to similar academic difficulties, but a specific learning disorder is a clinical diagnosis that may result from a psychoeducational evaluation, whereas a specific learning disability is a legal term determined by a school-based team, often using the results of a psychoeducational evaluation.

Comprehensive Psychoeducational Evaluations at CEH

At CEH, we provide comprehensive psychoeducational evaluations to help identify and address learning, behavioral, and emotional challenges in individuals across the lifespan. These evaluations offer insights into the root causes of academic struggles and provide actionable recommendations for achieving success in school, work, and daily life.

Why Pursue a Psychoeducational Evaluation?

Our evaluations are designed to:

  • Identify Specific Learning Disorders like dyslexia, dysgraphia, and dyscalculia.
  • Diagnose Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and other psychological conditions.
  • Assess academic strengths and weaknesses to create tailored recommendations.

  • Provide documentation regarding diagnostic impressions and recommendations for the school or workplace.
  • Provide documentation for accommodations, including extra time on standardized tests like the SAT, ACT, or GRE.
  • Guide interventions for individuals seeking to maximize their potential.

What to Expect During an Evaluation

Step 1: Intake Session

  • For children (ages 4–14): Parents meet with a clinician to discuss concerns, developmental history, and the testing process.
  • For adolescents (14+) and adults: The individual being evaluated attends the intake session and provides consent for information-sharing.

Step 2: Testing Appointments

  • Testing may occur over two mornings (2–2.5 hours each) or a full day for older individuals.
  • Tests include:
    • Cognitive (IQ) Testing: Evaluates how an individual processes information.
    • Achievement Testing: Assesses skills in reading, writing, and math to identify
    • Behavioral and Emotional Questionnaires: Completed by parents, teachers, and, in some cases, the individual.

Testing also includes interviews and self-reports for adolescents and adults to gain a complete understanding of their experiences and challenges.

Step 3: Feedback and Recommendations

Families receive a detailed report outlining results, diagnoses, and individualized strategies for success. This report will be provided and explained to you clearly in a one-on-one meeting with a clinician who will answer any questions. Recommendations may include:

  • Accommodations or modifications to consider for 504 plans or IEPs.
  • Referrals for tutoring, therapy, or other services.

Treatment and Support for Learning Disorders

Effective support for Specific Learning Disorders begins with a clear understanding of the individual’s unique needs. Treatment options include:

  • School-Based Services: Accommodations or specialized instruction through public or private schools.
  • Tutoring and Educational Specialists: Targeted interventions to address specific weaknesses.
  • Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) and 504 Plans: Formalized supports to ensure educational success.

At CEH, we also offer school consultation services, including:

  • Attending IEP or 504 meetings.
  • Observing classrooms and recommending strategies.
  • Collaborating with teachers to implement behavioral and academic supports.

Conditions We Do Not Assess

While we provide a wide range of services, we do not test for:

  • Auditory Processing Disorders (referred to audiologists).
  • Speech and Language Disorders or Occupational Therapy Needs.
  • Neuropsychological Evaluations for brain injuries or medical conditions.

Why Choose CEH?

Our team of skilled clinicians specializes in understanding learning and attention challenges, providing accurate diagnoses, and creating actionable strategies for success. Whether you’re seeking clarity on learning difficulties, ADHD, or educational accommodations, CEH is here to guide you every step of the way.

Request Your Appointment

Take the first step toward better mental health. Whether in person or through telehealth, The Center for Emotional Health is here to support you every step of the way. Contact us today with any questions and to schedule your appointment.